I'm having similar issues with my Galaxy S5. It worked on my old one but some dummy dropped his phone into a porta-potty. The new phone (despite being a Galaxy S5 as well) won't send games to the device via ADB. Even from the command line, I type "adb install game.apk" and it will pretend it transferred (no error comes back) and even shows KB per second and all that. But the game is never on the device. I've been either sending it directly to the SD card manually or if I don't have the cable handy I send it to Dropbox and install from there and that does work (so I can test the game).
I've tried going into the SDK manager and updating all the things it suggests, closing, going back in (since it updates more after that) etc. until SDK manager says I'm on the latest. I have uninstalled and reinstalled the Samsung drivers as well. Nothing seems to work -- but since ADB itself seems to be the broken part, I haven't posted about it: Stencyl is doing what it should.
[Edit]: Yes, I turned USB Debugging back on. I get the prompt asking for permission and tell it to trust my PC always (like I did before). I have tried to revoke the permission and have it ask again (which it does) but that doesn't make the games upload like they should. I also have "Allow unknown sources" on.
